Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a condition seen in both dogs and cats that can result in severe back pain, weakness of the front or hind legs, or paralysis. IVDD is characterised by chronic degeneration or acute injury to the discs between the vertebrae (bones of the back). Typically, affected patients demonstrate back pain, or abnormal gait, showing ataxia (wobbly gait), weakness, or limb paralysis (no movement of limbs). These abnormalities occur because the structure of the disc changes, resulting in bulging or rupture, and subsequent compression and injury of the spinal cord immediately at the site of disc disease.
How?
The structure of the disc changes through chronic degeneration or acute injury.
Why?
It can occur for many reasons, most commonly through chronic change related to breed or conformation (most common affected breeds are Dachshunds and French Bulldogs)
When?
Anytime. This problem can be present after exercise, or after a rest. In all cases, an urgent assessment is recommended.
Diagnosis?
Affected animals rely on a combination of careful and thorough orthoapedic and neurologic assessment, as well as advanced imaging techniques to confirm a diagnosis and localise a lesion.
Treatment?
Both conservative and surgical treatment options are described but are individually tailored to your animals’ requirements based on the advice of the treating veterinarian.
Prognosis?
Affected animals can have an excellent prognosis, depending on the extent of injury, with most patients returning to normal function and comfort following appropriate treatment.
The photo shows a patient MRI image of acute IVDD in the neck. This patient underwent decompressive surgery and made a full recovery.